Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a distressing condition affecting women of childbearing age, often with unexplained causes. Pulsatility Index (PI) in uterine arteries has been proposed as a potential diagnostic marker. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in uterine artery PI between women with recurrent unexplained first-trimester abortions and those with no history of abortion. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 100 non-pregnant women. They were categorized into two groups: the RPL group (Group A) and the control group (Group B). All participants underwent a detailed clinical assessment, including complete history, general, abdominal, and pelvic examinations, as well as two-dimensional ultrasound examinations and Doppler studies to measure the uterine artery PI. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the pulsatility index (PI) of the right uterine artery between the RPL group and the control group. The mean PI values were 2.000 (±0.451) and 2.248 (±0.322), respectively. Comparing PI of left uterine artery in RPL group and control group, revealed a significant difference. AS regards PI of both right and left uterine arteries in RPL group and control group a statistically significant difference was found. Conclusion: The study found that the mean uterine artery PI value in the RPL group was higher in the case group than in the control group. This indicates increased impedance to blood flow in the uterine arteries among women with a history of RPL.