Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a highly prevalent disease of the urinary system in the global population and is ranked as the fifth most common cancer in Western countries. Objective: To assess the promoter methylation status of miR-145 in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma who have undergone treatment with BCG, as well as to evaluate the potential correlation between the miR-145 methylation status and various clinicopathological parameters in these patients also to clarify the role of miR-145 in bladder cancer as diagnostic biomarker and determine their expression in relation to various clinico-pathological parameters in bladder cancer. Methods: This Case-Control study was conducted at departments of Urology and Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University during the period from Jan 2022 to Dec 2022. 50 subjects. Subjects were categorized into 2 groups: Control group: included 22 malignant free apparently healthy subjects, age and sex matched, during endoscopic removal of renal or ureteric stones, miR-145 and methylation were measured, Patients group was subdivided into 2 groups: Patients before BCG treatment and Patients after BCG treatment: included 28 patients had superficial bladder lesions miR-145 and methylation were measured at diagnosis and 3 months during follow up.
Results: The median percentage of miR-145 promoter methylation of patient’s specimens before treatment was significantly (P