Background: Pneumothorax is an urgent and undesirable state of air penetration into the
virtual space between two lists of pleura resulting in a collapsed lung and loss of negative intrathoracic pressure. The nurse must be equipped with appropriate knowledge and skills to meet the
needs of children with pneumothorax safely and competently. This study aimed to: Evaluate effect
of educational intervention on nurses' performance regarding care of critically ill children with
pneumothorax. Design: A quasi- experimental design was used in the current study. Setting: The
present study was conducted at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit and
Emergency Intensive Care Unit at Benha University Hospital Subjects: A convenient sample of (100)
nurses who working at the previously mentioned setting included in the study and a purposive sample
of (70) child who suffering from pneumothorax. Tools of data collection: Tool (I): A structured
interviewing questionnaire sheet consists of part (1): Personal data of the studied nurses and part
(2): Nurses' knowledge regarding care of critically ill children with pneumothorax. Tool (II):
Attitudes Likert scale to assess nurses' attitudes regarding care of critically ill children with
pneumothorax. Tool (III): Observational checklists to assess nurses' practices regarding care of
critically ill children with pneumothorax. Tool (IV): Chest tube associated complications
assessment sheet to assess chest tube associated complications. Results: This study revealed that, the
majority of the studied nurses had good knowledge, positive attitudes and competent practices in post
educational intervention. Conclusion: Educational intervention had positive effect on the nurses’
performance (knowledge, attitudes and practices) and reducing chest tube associated complications.
Recommendation: Providing up-to-dated, regular and continuous in-services training programs
about pneumothorax and chest tube for nurses.