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Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) and Specificity Protein 1 (Sp1) or Sp3 Transactivate the Bovine Alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1)-Infected Cell Protein 0 Early Promoter

Viruses • 2025
العودة
معلومات البحث
المؤلفون Sankha Hewawasam, Fouad S El-Mayet, Clinton Jones
الكلمات المفتاحية bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1); Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4); glucocorticoid receptor (GR); Specificity protein 1 (Sp1); Specificity protein 3 (Sp3)
المجلة العلمية Viruses
الناشر MDPI
المجلد 17
العدد 2
الصفحات 299
publication.type International
رابط البحث Open Link
المواد المرفقة Not Available
الملخص
Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) acute infection leads to latently infected sensory neurons in trigeminal ganglia. During lytic infection, the immediate early expression of infected cell protein 0 (bICP0) and bICP4 is regulated by an immediate early transcription unit 1 (IEtu1) promoter. A separate bICP0 early (E) promoter drives bICP0 as an early viral gene, presumably to sustain high levels during productive infection. Notably, bICP0 protein expression is detected before bICP4 during reactivation from latency, suggesting the bICP0 E promoter drives bICP0 protein expression during the early phases of reactivation from latency. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) cooperatively transactivate the bICP0 E promoter despite this promoter lacks a consensus GR response element (GRE). KLF and specificity protein (Sp) family members comprise a “super-family” of transcription factors. Consequently, we hypothesized Sp1 and Sp3 transactivated the bICP0 E promoter. These studies revealed GR and Sp3 or Sp1 cooperatively transactivated bICP0 E promoter activity. KLF4 and Sp3, but not Sp1, had an additive effect on bICP0 E promoter activity. Mutating the consensus Sp1 and CACCC binding sites proximal to the TATA box impaired promoter activity more than the Sp1 sites further upstream from the TATA box.
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