Background: Clinical nursing competence is the capacity to apply care by integrating information, skills, attitude,
beliefs, and experience. It reflects the nursing professional's feelings, ideas, and judgment. Aim: the study aimed to
evaluate the effect of competency based training program on nurses' performance regarding endotracheal tube suction for
neonates on mechanical ventilator. Method: A quasi-experimental design was used to conduct the study at Neonatal
Intensive Care Units (NICUs) and Surgical Neonatal Intensive Care Unit "SNICU" of Benha Specialized Pediatric
Hospital. The study included 70 nurses who working in the previously mentioned setting. Tools: Researchers used five
tools as; a structured interviewing questionnaire, an observational checklist, nurses' attitude questionnaire, Nurse
Competence Scale, and nurses' opinion questionnaire. Results: Less than three quarters of studied nurses had good
knowledge and the most of them had competent practice post competency-based training program. Also, the majority of
nurses had positive attitude post competency-based training program and there was highly statistically significant
difference in nurses' competence score pre and post competency-based training program. Conclusion: The
implementation of the competency-based training program improved nurses' performance regarding endotracheal tube
suction for neonates on mechanically ventilated. Recommendation: Develop periodic educational and training courses
for nurses working at the neonatal intensive care units regarding care of endotracheal tube suction for neonates on
mechanical ventilator. Further research should be done with large sample is recommended to ensure generalization of the
results.