controlling flow discharge and upstream/downstream water levels. This study presents
an experimental model simulating flow across radial gates, focusing on how symmetric
and asymmetric gate operation schemes influence hydraulic behavior. A total of 80 test
runs were performed using five gate-operating schemes under 16 flow conditions,
including four tailwater depths (0.21, 0.23, 0.25, and 0.27 m) and four discharges (26,
29, 32, and 35 L/s), while maintaining a constant upstream depth of 0.40 m. Results
showed good agreement between measured and calculated discharge coefficients
compared with previous studies. Gate operation symmetry, under similar expansion
ratios, had minimal effect on the discharge coefficient. The contraction coefficient was
inversely related to the gate leaf angle. The length of the hydraulic jump increased with
the increase in the Froude number. The outcomes gave good agreement compared to
other formulas under similar hydraulic conditions. The submergence ratio increased with
the increase in the submerged hydraulic jump length. A regression analysis model was
applied, and simple empirical equations were derived to predict the discharge coefficient
and the hydraulic jump length under limited flow conditions.