This study investigates the impact of natural gas and renewable energy consumption on sustainable development in Egypt and selected OECD countries. The study adopted a descriptive–analytical approach to examine the status of natural gas and renewable energy consumption and sustainable development indicators, with particular focus on the Adjusted Net Savings (ANS) indicator in Egypt and the selected countries. In addition, an econometric approach was applied through two models. The first model is the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, used to estimate the relationship among the study variables in Egypt during the period 1990–2021. The second model is the Panel Regression, specifically using the Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (Pooled OLS), Fixed Effects (FE), and Random Effects (RE) estimators, to estimate the relationship among the study variables in Egypt, Australia, the United Kingdom, and Mexico during the same period.
The findings indicated that higher natural gas consumption reduces renewable energy growth, especially without effective climate policies. It also exerts a negative and significant impact on sustainable development in Egypt and OECD countries, while renewable energy consumption shows a positive and significant effect. The study recommends optimizing the role of natural gas in Egypt’s sustainable development and channeling part of its revenues to promote renewable energy expansion.