Background
Renalase gene polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of essential hypertension, chronic
kidney disease (CKD), heart disease, diabetes, and stroke. One of these polymorphisms is a common
missense (rs2296545) polymorphism, which was reported to be related to hypertension. The aim of this work
was to investigate the possible relation between renalase gene polymorphism (rs2296545) and hypertension
in patients with CKD patients.
Subjects and methods
Ninety patients were included in this case-control study: 30 normotensive CKD patients, 30 hypertensive
CKD patients, and 30 apparently healthy controls. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from
peripheral whole blood, and renalase gene (rs2296545) polymorphism was genotyped in all patients and
controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Odds ratios
(OR) and their 95% CIs were calculated.
Results
We found that the CC genotype and the C allele renalase (rs2296545) were statistically associated with the
risk of CKD (OR= 9.4; 95%CI 1.2-7.2; P= 0.036) and (OR= 3.78; 95%CI 1.57-9.08; P= 0.003), respectively.
There was a statistically significant difference between the hypertensive CKD patients and the controls
regarding the CC genotypes and the C allele, (26.7% versus 3.3%, P= 0.018) and (40% versus 11.7%, P< 0.001)
for the CC genotype and the C allele, respectively. The mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure
were higher in the normotensive CKD patients with the CC genotype compared to other genotypes (P= 0.014
and P= 0.022, respectively) and also were higher in hypertensive CKD patients with the CC genotype when
compared to other genotypes (P= 0.001 for both).
Conclusion
This study demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the renalase gene (rs2296545) CC genotype
and the C allele in CKD patients, especially hypertensive CKD.