The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between EFL argumentative writing and critical thinking skills of students at the Faculty of Education. The participants of the study were 45 second-year students enrolled in the English section at the Faculty of Education, Benha University. The instruments and materials of the study included an EFL argumentative writing skills test, an analytic rubric for scoring and analyzing the participants' performance, a critical thinking skills test, and an analytic rubric for scoring and analyzing the participants' performance. The EFL argumentative writing and the critical thinking skills tests were administered to the study participants. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to find out whether there was a significant correlation between the study participants' EFL argumentative writing and critical thinking. The findings revealed that there was a positive relationship between the development of EFL argumentative writing and critical thinking skills of second-year English major students at the Faculty of Education. Consequently, great emphasis should be given to the significant correlation between argumentative writing and critical thinking skills for the development of English major students' academic progress.