Background: Normal vision relies on the choroid, retina, and optic nerve head (ONH), with impaired perfusion contributing to ocular diseases such as glaucoma. This study evaluated ONH perfusion changes after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections using OCTA.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, 25 patients received intravitreal anti-VEGF injections (IVI). Postoperative care included topical moxifloxacin and anti-glaucoma medications if intraocular pressure (IOP) increased. The primary outcome was ONH perfusion and vessel density changes on OCTA before and after IVI. Secondary outcomes included retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and IOP alterations measured 30 minutes before and 60 minutes after injection.
Results: Inside-disc vessel density significantly decreased in injected eyes (P0.05). Peripapillary (P=0.002) and superior hemispheric (P0.05).
Conclusions: A single intravitreal anti-VEGF injection causes a modest, transient IOP rise and short-term reduction in intradisc vessel density, while peripapillary perfusion remains largely unaffected.