Although growth hormone (GH) gene mutations are described in several species, the studies
concerning their variabilities and associations with economic traits in rabbits are scarce, particularly
associations with semen traits. A total of 149 rabbit bucks from five populations (V-line=36, Moshtohor
line=28, APRI line=42, cross ½A½M=23, and Gabali=20) were used in the present study to identify
polymorphism of c.-78 C>T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of GH gene among these populations and
to investigate the association of GH gene polymorphism with body weight (BW), daily weight gain (DG) and
semen traits. DNA was extracted from blood samples for genotyping of c.-78 C>T SNP of GH gene based
on polymerase chain reaction with the restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique.
The genetic diversity of SNP C>T of GH gene was assessed in terms of genotypic and allelic frequencies,
effective number of alleles (Ne), observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
(HWE), reduction in heterozygosity due to inbreeding (FIS) and polymorphism information content (PIC). Three
genotypes of TT, CC and TC of PCR product of 231 bp of GH gene were detected and all the populations
were in HWE in terms of GH gene. The highest Ne was obtained for the Moshtohor line (1.978), while the
lowest allelic numbers were obtained for V-line (1.715) and Gabali breed (1.800). The highest genotype
frequency of GH gene was 0.48 in TT genotype of V-line, 0.21 in CC genotype of Moshtohor line, 0.67 and
0.56 in TC genotype of ½A½M and Gabali rabbits (P