Micronodes were used to propagate Sour orange (Citrus aurantium)
through In Vitro technique. Also, two cytokinins i.e. Kinetin, 6-benzyl
amino purine at concentrations rate of 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, & 3.0 mg/l were
employed. The mutagenesis process used chemical mutagens through
culturing of in vitro shootlets on MS medium supplemented with
different concentrations of Sodium azide (NaN3) at rate of 0.04, 0.06,
& 0.08%; Colchicine at rate of 0.05, 0.10, & 0.15%. Di methyl
sulphanate (DMS( at rate of 0.10, 0.30, & 0.50%; and Di ethyl
sulphanate (DES) at rate of 0.10, 0.30, & 0.50%. Also, physical
mutagens were subjected to different doses of UV rays ( 2, 4, & 6 hours
); microwave treatments (200 wat) for 10, 20, & 30 seconds; and
Gamma rays 50, 75, & 100 Gray. the highest concentration of BAP
(3.0 mg/L) is more effective in increasing Shoot numbers. However,
the lowest concentration of chemical mutagens i.e. DMS (0.10%)
induced the highest Survival% and Shoot length. while, using Sodium
azide (0.04, 0.06, & 0.08%) had a harmful effect on Survival% and
Shoot length. On the contrary, using Colchicine improved most
parameters under study. However, the Vitrification parameter was
noticed significantly with all Sodium azide concentrations i.e. 0.08,
0.06, & 0.04% as well as DES 0.30 & 0.50% concentrations as
compared with the other treatments. Furthermore, a Molecular marker
(ISSR) was done, by Using eight primers revealing that the ratio of
polymorphism 81.6% under physical effect was less than compared
with chemical mutagenesis 88.4%.