Background: The sciatic nerve consists of two distinct divisions: Tibial and peroneal. Injuries to the sciatic nerve during combat are often severe, resulting in varying but generally
major effects. These injuries are sometimes accompanied by
extensive damage to soft tissues and bones, substantial neurological impairment, intense neuropathic pain, and a lengthy
healing period.
Aim of Study: This retrospective study aimed to assess the
outcomes of surgical treatment of sciatic nerve injuries in individuals who were injured during the Libyan war.
Patients and Methods: During the Libyan War from 2017
to 2019, we utilized nerve grafting, direct end-to-end coaptation, and neurolysis to treat 19 patients with sciatic nerve injury.
Gunshot wounds affecting the upper thigh or pelvis were the
most common causes of injury.
Results: Of the total number of patients, 75% experienced
injury to the tibial nerve, whereas 85% experienced injury to
the common peroneal nerve. 67% of those with upper-third lesions had excellent recovery of protective feeling in the sole.
For the tibial nerve, the total percentage of motor recovery was
85%, and for the common peroneal nerve, it was 35%.
Conclusion: The outcomes of treating sciatic nerve damage in these patients with war-related injuries were largely favorable. Repairing tibial nerve damage in the upper thigh has a
greater chance of recovery compared to the common peroneal
nerve. Tendon transfer or orthopedic devices can effectively
address motor impairments caused by damage to the common
peroneal nerve.