Industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, and even waste disposal
also contribute to the maximum loading of potentially
toxic elements into freshwater ecosystems- the root cause
being humans. These pollutants reach the water bodies due
to runoff, soil erosion, or deposition from the atmosphere.
Recent technological advancements have even proposed
more benign methods for potentially toxic elements analysis
in the water. In particular, it has been shown that agricultural
or industrial waste, when converted into nanocomposites,
can adsorb heavy metal ions more efficiently. Biomass-defined
nanocomposites comprising metal ion complexes are developed
for potentially toxic element ions’ binding and subsequent
desorption. This new method eliminates a significant
amount of potentially harmful elements from water, which is
already ready for discharge as it meets environmental standards
and is inexpensive compared to conventional
high-temperature methods. Rice straw-derived nanowaste
has mainly helped outgoing metal ions by synthesizing
40-60nm nanoparticles. XRD was used to describe the
arrangement of atoms within the Rise Straw (RS) and its
nanoparticles (RSNP), while the chemical identification was
addressed by Raman spectroscopy and FTIR. This is supported
by the FESEM, HRTEM, BET, and Zeta analyses. Fe2+
and Ni2+ ions removal efficiencies obtained for RSNP were
90% and 89%, respectively. Critical parameters such as contact
time and pH were investigated when contact adsorption
of potentially toxic elements to aquatic environments
was tested, and thanks to these studies, the parameters
were optimized.