Immune-checkpoint molecules are important regulators of physiologic
inflammatory responses, and are highly effective in behavior of many cancers.
They are involved in production of antitumor immune response. This study aims to
evaluate the expression and role of both programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1) and
adenosine receptor (A2aR) antibodies in bladder urothelial cancer.
Materials and methods
This was a retrospective study on 45 bladder urothelial cancers obtained from
archives of Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University and from
International Medical Center Hospital (IMC) during the period from January 2015 to
December 2019. Immunohistochemical expression of A2aR was evaluated and
compared with those of PDL-1. A2aR expression was also correlated with tumorinfiltrating
CD8+T cells. Relations to demographic data of the patients were
evaluated.