Background: Human activity patterns have a significant impact on the quality of the environment. As members of
the community's, university students bear the weight of past and present environmental negligence. Protection
motivation theory offers an effective framework for understanding pro-environmental behaviors and decisions. Aim:
The aim of this study was to examine the improvement of the pro-environmental behavior of nursing students based
on protection motivation theory. Design: The quasi-experimental research design was implemented. Setting: The
study was carried out at Faculty of Nursing Benha University. Sample: A systematic random sample of 25% of
fourth year nursing undergraduate students of academic year 2024- 2025 (250 student) Tools: Two primary
instruments were implemented I: A structured interviewing questionnaire consisted of two parts: the demographic
characteristics and Pro-Environmental Behavior questionnaire, II: Protection motivation theory. Results: There was
highly statistically significant difference between mean scores of all items of the pro-environmental behavior of
studied nursing students’ at pre and post application of protection motivational theory phases with (p- value ≤0.001).
Conclusion: Using protection motivation theory is an effective method and plays a vital role at inducing a significant
change for improving pro-environmental behavior. Recommendations: Integrate Environmental ethics In Nursing
Education; Future researchers can utilize this theory as a foundation for examining the pro-environmental behaviors
of various social groups and gaining insights into the factors that affect these behaviors.