Concerns have been expressed about imidacloprid (IMI), one of the most often
used pesticides, and its potential neurotoxicity to non-target organisms.
Chronic neuroinflammation is central to the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. Hence, exploring the molecular mechanism by which IMI
would trigger neuroinflammation is particularly important. This study examined the neurotoxic effects of oral administration of IMI (45 mg/kg/day for
30 days) and the potential neuroprotective effect of berberine (Ber) chloride
loaded nano-PEGylated liposomes (Ber-Lip) (10 mg/kg, intravenously every
other day for 30 days) using laboratory rat. The histopathological changes,
anti-oxidant and oxidative stress markers (GSH, SOD, and MDA),