Bakeground: Physical measures are from one primary goal of alternative medicines and commonly cited as a probable remedy for primary dysmenorrhea. Aim: of the present study was to evaluate the effect of an instructional guideline regarding physical measures on primary dysmenorrhea among nursing students. Design: A quasi experimental design pre/post-test one group was utilized. Setting: This study conducted at technical nursing institution in Benha University Hospital. Sample: A purposive sample included 218 nursing students. Tools: Four tools were used for data collection: An interviewing questionnaire to collect data related to sample and menstrual characteristics, Verbal multidimensional scoring system, Visual Analogue scale and Likert scale. Results: the present study revealed that, there was a highly statistical significant difference between symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea at pre and post- intervention and there was a highly statistically significant relation between studied sample satisfaction and pain intensity of dysmenorrhea at post intervention phase (Р-value ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Dysmenorrheal symptoms and pain were alleviated after implementation of an instructional guideline regarding physical measures than before implementation. Also there was a highly statistically significant relation between studied sample satisfaction and pain intensity of dysmenorrhea at post intervention phase (Р-value ≤ 0.05).Therefore, the study hypothesis was supported. Recommendation: Physical measures as dysmenorrheal treatment are needed to develop and dissemination of illustrated guideline to control and relief of dysmenorrheal syndrome among nursing students and women in other ages.

Background: Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that begins after childbirth and usually lasts beyond six weeks, in some cases up to a year. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of educational program on preventing postpartum depression among mothers. Design: A quasi experimental pre – post test of two groups was used. Setting: This study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecological outpatient clinic at Benha university hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of 100 pregnant mothers. Tools: Three tools were used for data collection: 1) A structured interviewing questionnaire include three parts, part I: Include demographic characteristics, part II: Include obstetric history and risk factors of depression during current pregnancy, and part III: Include maternal knowledge questionnaire), 2) Maternal beliefs questionnaire and 3) Edinburgh postpartum depression scale. Results: Total maternal knowledge and beliefs regarding postpartum depression were greatly improved after educational program implementation of the study group than the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the study and control group pre-program implementation, while there was a highly statistically significant difference between the study and control group post program implementation (after 6 weeks of delivery) regarding preventing of postpartum depression measuring by Edinburgh scale. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in preventing postpartum depression among mothers who received educational program regarding postnatal depression than those who don't. The total maternal knowledge and beliefs regarding postpartum depression were greatly improved after educational program implementation of the study group than the control group. Recommendation: Posters and educational materials about prevention of postpartum depression during pregnancy should be located in well-visible areas in outpatients and private clinics.

Background: Simulation training have been recommended for promoting intern nurses’ competence in maternal care delivery. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate effect of simulation training on intern nurses’ competence and self-confidence regarding primary postpartum hemorrhage. Design: Quasi-experimental (pre-post design), was used to fulfill the aim of the study. Setting: The study was conducted in the clinical obstetrics skill lab and the classroom of faculty of Nursing at Benha University. Sample: A systematic random sample of (56) intern nurses. Tools: (I) A self-administrated questionnaire, (II) Creighton competency evaluation instrument, (III) observational checklists regarding primary postpartum hemorrhage, (IV) satisfaction and self-confidence in learning scale. Results: There was a highly statistically significant improvement in relation to all competency domains related to assessment, communication, clinical-judgment and patient safety after simulation training than before (P ≤ 0.001). Moreover, there was a higher satisfaction and self-confidence after simulation training than before (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Intern nurses would have higher competent level of practices, satisfaction and self-confidence after simulation training than before. Recommendations: Implementing of periodical simulation training programs for intern nurses to enhance competent skills for achieving advanced nursing care regarding prevention and management of primary postpartum hemorrhage.

Background: Benson's relaxation technique is one of the systematic techniques that could be utilized to relive postoperative pain and improve sleep quality. It is an important component of nursing care for hysterectomized women. Aim: the study aimed to evaluate effect of Benson's relaxation technique on postoperative pain and quality of sleeping among women undergoing hysterectomy. Design: Quasi-experimental study design (two groups study & control) was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at Obstetrics and Gynecological department in Benha University hospital. Sample: A purposive sample for women undergoing hysterectomy at a period of 6 months. Tools: Three tools were used. I: An interviewing questionnaire sheet (personal characteristics, current surgical data) II: visual analog scale and III: The Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. Results: There was a significant improvement in pain severity and sleep quality among women in study group compared with those in the control group, after application of Benson's relaxation technique. Moreover, there was highly negative statistical correlation between total pain severity and total sleep quality scores of studied group at pre and post-intervention phase. Conclusion: The application of Benson's relaxation technique was effective in reducing severity of post-operative pain and enhancing quality of sleeping among women undergoing hysterectomy. Recommendation: It was recommended that Benson's relaxation intervention should be offered as a part of standard nursing care for women undergoing hysterectomy in hospitals.

Background: Menopause is the time that marks the end of women menstrual cycles and diagnosed after women stay 12 months without a menstrual period. Menopause can happen in women 40s or 50s. Aim of the research: Was to evaluate effect of back message on sleep Pattern among menopausal women. Research design: Quasi- experimental study was utilized to fulfill the aim of the study. Setting: conducted at obstetrics and gynecological outpatient clinic affiliated to the Benha university hospital. Sample: A purposive sample was used the sample size was (120) menopausal women were included in the study. Tools of data collection: Data was collected by using two tools Tool (I):- Interviewing questionnaire sheet Tool (II) Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Results: There was statistically significant difference between studied sample regarding knowledge of menopause, sleep pattern and back massage pre and post intervention. There was significant improvement in sleep among studied sample post intervention compared to pre- intervention. Conclusion: Back massage had positive effect on menopausal women as promoting sleep pattern, Applying back massage would improve quality of sleep pattern among menopausal women post intervention than pre intervention. Recommendations: Developing periodic awareness program for menopausal women to enhance their knowledge regarding effect of back massage on promoting sleep pattern

Background: Post-menopausal women are more susceptible to COVID-19 than other age women's and experience high morbidity and mortality. Aim of the study was to assess maternity nurse's perception regarding COVID-19 among post-menopausal women. Research design: Descriptive research design was used to conduct this study. Setting: The study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecological department in Benha University hospital. Sample: Convenient sample was used in this study total sample (60 nurses). Tools of data collection; Two tools were utilized for collect data. I: Self-Administrated questionnaire sheet, II: Modified Likert scale to assess attitude of maternal nurses about COVID-19 among post-menopausal women. Results: Less than three quarters of the studied nurses had correct knowledge regarding prevention of COVID-19, while the majority of them had incomplete knowledge regarding the incubation period, diagnosis and manifestation of the COVID-19 virus respectively additionally the majority of the studied nurses agreed with isolation of post-menopausal women with COVID-19, more than half of them not sure that COVID-19 disease among post-menopausal women leads to death in all cases and more than one third disagreed with ability to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, with another disease; Therefore, the study questions were answered. Conclusion: More than half of the studied nurses had a good level of knowledge, while more than one third of them had an average level of knowledge. And less than one tenth of them had a poor level of knowledge. Additionally, more than three quarters of the studied nurses had positive level of attitude regarding COVID-19, while less than one quarter of them had a negative level of attitude. Recommendations: Continues educational programs for nurses to raise perception regarding COVID-19of post-menopausal women should be a priority to ensure early diagnosis of the disease.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol is applied to the conventional perioperative techniques to improving surgical outcomes. Aim of Study: Was to assess the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery protocol on hospital stay and satisfaction of women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Design: A quasi experimental design was adopted in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at Obstetric and Gynecological department in Benha University Hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of 148 women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy divided into two groups. Tools of data collection: Data were collected by using three tools included: a structured interviewing questionnaire, follow up after surgery sheet and the women satisfaction with nursing care quality questionnaire. Results: Majority (81.1%) of the study group spent only 2 days after surgery while half (50.0%) of the control group spent from 3-4 days after surgery. 91.9% of the study group was satisfied with care provided compared to 48.6% of the control group. Conclusion: Women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy who received enhanced recovery after surgery protocol had shorter period of hospital stay and better women's satisfaction than women who received routine perioperative care. Recommendation: Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol should become the standard practice for all women undergoing elective gynecologic surgeries .

Background: Lack of knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome and poor lifestyle choices are considered to be the major factor leading to polycystic ovarian syndrome. Aim of study: Was to assess knowledge and attitude of late adolescent girls regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome. Design: Descriptive research design was utilized. Setting: This study was conducted at Technical Institute of Nursing at Benha University. Sampling: A purposive sample of 239late adolescent girls met the inclusion criteria. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used. I) A structured interviewing questionnaire which consisted of three parts: demographic characteristics, menstrual history of girls and knowledge of late adolescent girls regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome. II) Late adolescent girls` attitude towards polycystic ovarian syndrome. Results: More than half of late adolescent girls had unsatisfactory knowledge about polycystic ovarian syndrome. More than half of late adolescent girls had negative attitude toward polycystic ovarian syndrome. There was positive correlation between total knowledge and total attitude scores regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (p-value 0.001). Conclusion: There was unsatisfactory knowledge and negative attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among late adolescent girls. Recommendation: Implementing an educational program about risk factors and preventive measures of polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls.

Background: Endometriosis is a life-threatening gynecological health problem in women during the reproductive age that cause chronic pelvic pain, infertility, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dysuria and dyschezia. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of application of health promotion model on lifestyle of women with endometriosis. Design: Quasi-experimental study design (preposttest). Setting: The study was conducted at Obstetric and Gynecological out -patient clinic in Benha University hospital. Sample: A purposive sample consisted of 146 women with endometriosis. They divided control group comprised 73 women and study group comprised 73 women. Tools: Structured self-administered questionnaire, health promotion lifestyle profile-II and patient's satisfaction sheet. Results: 65.8% of study group were highly satisfied of health promotion model compared to only 7.2% of control group, total health promotion lifestyle profile-II improved from 20% before program implementation to 64.4% after program implementation among study group while there was no improvement in the control group, nearly three quarters of both study and control groups respectively had poor knowledge score about endometriosis before program implementation. Meanwhile, more than three quarters of study group had good knowledge score about endometriosis. Conclusion: The present study showed that there was a highly statistical significant difference regarding all health promotion lifestyle profile-II items (health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations and stress management) between study and control groups after program implementation (P< 0.001). Application of health promotion model has positive effect on lifestyle of women with endometriosis therefore, the study hypothesis was supported. Recommendation: A simplified and comprehensive booklet should be available for all patients with endometriosis which include a clear, brief and simple explanation about non pharmacological modalities to reduce endometriosis related pain.

Background: Healthy nutrition during pregnancy helps to maintain normal growth and development of the fetus, improve delivery outcomes and prevent childhood diseases later in life. Aim of this study: Was to evaluate the effect of instructional package on pregnant women's knowledge and attitude regarding healthy nutrition. Design: A quasi experimental pre/ post- test one-group. Setting: This study was conducted in obstetrics and gynecological outpatient clinic at Benha university hospital. Sample: A Purposive sampling of 100pregnant woman Tools:A structured interviewing questionnaire , knowledge of studied pregnant women regarding healthy nutrition and attitude of studied pregnant women regarding healthy nutrition Results: Total knowledge score regarding healthy nutrition were greatly improved after instructional package implementation than before implementation among studied pregnant women. total attitude regarding healthy nutrition were greatly improved after instructional package implementation than before implementation among studied pregnant women. Conclusion: There was statistical significant correlation between total knowledge and total attitude among studied pregnant women pre instructional package implementation(P

Background: Adolescence girls who are known about diet are more likely to avoid osteoporosis at menopause. Osteoporosis is a bone disease in which bone loss occurs, so that bones become weak and more likely to break. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of educational program on adolescent girl's awareness regarding balanced diet in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Setting: This study was conducted at secondary nursing school in Benha Teaching Hospital. Two tools were used: I:A structured interviewing questionnaire to assess; a) socio-demographic data of the adolescent girls, b) knowledge of adolescent girl's regarding healthy balanced diet, c) knowledge of adolescent girl's regarding osteoporosis, d ) knowledge of adolescent girl's regarding relationship between un balanced diet and osteoporosis at menopause. II: Likert scale to assess attitude of adolescent girls regarding balanced diet. Results: There was highly statistically significant difference pre and post program implementation regarding total knowledge about balanced diet , total knowledge about osteoporosis and total knowledge about relation between un balanced diet and osteoporosis (P≤ 0.001) also , there was highly statistically significance correlation between total knowledge score and total attitude score (P= 0.000) post program implementation while there was no statistical significance correlation preprogram implementation. Conclusion: There was highly statistically significance correlation between total knowledge score and total attitude score (P= 0.000) post program implementation while there was no statistical significance correlation preprogram implementation .Therefore, the study hypothesis was supported. Recommendations: Educational curriculum should include topics of puberty and balanced diet that enable teachers to discuss these subjects with their students and continuous health education program for adolescence must be conducted at school to improve knowledge and attitude of adolescence toward balanced diet.

Aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of using acupressure versus vitamin B6 in alleviating morning sickness of first trimester pregnant women. Quasi experimental, Interventional, Case-control, Non randomized Study was utilized to fulfill the aim of this study. SETTINGS: The study was conducted at antenatal out patient clinic at Benha university hospitals. A Purposive sample that consisted of 300 pregnant women suffering from morning sickness were recruited in the study, they were divided into three groups (Acupressure group comprising 100 women, vitamin B6 group comprising 100 women and control group comprising 100 women). Data were collected through three main tools: structured interviewing questionnaire, visual analogue scale and follow up sheet. RESULTS: Acupressure group showed highly statistically significant difference compared with other groups, regarding baseline mean score and different days mean scores of assessment. There was highly statistically significant difference among studied groups regarding symptoms grading where 82% of acupressure group reported symptoms improvement compared to 47% of vitamin B6 group and 12% of control group. (p

BACKGROUND: Every pregnant woman faces the risk of sudden, unpredictable warning signs that could end in death or injury to herself or to her infant. Pregnancy related warning signs cannot be reliably predicted But what impact can the procedure collectively called antenatal care have to decrease child and maternal morbidity and mortality. PURPOSE: The aim of the current study is to study the effect of using guideline to control pregnancy related warning signs. DESIGN: the study was Quasi experimental. SETTINGS: The study was conducted at in the Ob/Gyn. Out patient clinics at Benha university hospital. SUBJECTS: included 150 pregnant women having pregnancy related warning signs. RESULTS: Results of this study indicated that the mean age ±SD of women were (23.44±2.80 years). The majority of studied subjects were educated while the minority were illiterate. The present study revealed that more than one half of studied subjects had poor knowledge regarding pregnancy, antenatal care and pregnancy related warning signs. CONCLUSION: Lack of awareness about pregnancy related warning signs was related younger age, low level of education, and lack of antenatal care . These factors stressed the need for a plan to increase the awareness of the woman about such signs through improving the quality of antenatal care services. RECOMMENDEDATIONS: Planning and developing antenatal classes for all mothers for their awareness about the importance of antenatal care as well as early identification of warning signs and to seek medial care at proper time were also recommended.