Objectives: To determine the impact of pyrethroids exposure on hematological parameters and to evaluate the effect of prophylactic combined vitamin C and E therapy (PVT).
Experimental Protocol: 60 albino rats were divided into 6 equal groups: IA received no medications, IB, IIA and IIB received 2-wk PVT, IIIA and IIIB did not receive PVT. Animals of groups IIA and IIIA received short-term exposure (4 weeks) and animals of groups IIB and IIIB received long term exposure (12 weeks) at 2-bouts/min for 240 min/day. At the end of the exposure period, blood samples were obtained for estimation of hemoglobin concentration (HBC), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and total and differential leucocytic counts (TLC & DLC).
Results: Pyrethroid exposure significantly reduced RBCs indices and increased TLC and neutrophil count. These changes were more significant after long-term than short-term exposure. Further, these changes were significant in animals without than animals received PVT. Animals that received PVT followed by short-term exposure showed insignificant estimates compared to controls and showed significantly lower estimates than animals without PVT. Also, animals that received long-term exposure without PVT showed significant changes to animals that received PVT. Low MCV was defined as screening and high neutrophil count as a specific variate to identify samples of exposed animals. A high monocyte count was defined as positive, and a high HBC was a negative indicator for long-term exposure. High PCV was defined as specific, while low TLC was a screening predictor for receiving PVT.
Conclusion: Pyrethroid exposure induced hematotoxicity, which is proportional to the duration and time of exposure. Estimated HBC, PCV% and TLC could discriminate long-term exposure. Prophylactic combined vitamins C and E could ameliorate or decrease the pyrethroid-exposure effects.